Fryczkowski A W
Ohio State University, Dept. of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Columbus 43210-1228.
Int Ophthalmol. 1994;18(3):131-41. doi: 10.1007/BF00915961.
The purpose of this paper is to clarify the controversy between anatomists and clinicians regarding the choroidal angioarchitecture. Vascular casts from 36 human and 10 Rhesus monkey eyes were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both the human and monkey choriocapillaris (CC) are non-homogenous structures. They have patterns which change from the peripapillary to peripheral areas. Anatomically, the 'lobular' appearance of the CC exists only in part of the posterior pole. One or more collecting venules were found in the center of 86% of the anatomical lobules, while a central feeding arteriole was observed in 14%. Both major and minor feeding arterioles supply the CC areas which may be recognized as the choroidal functional vascular unit (CFVU) or functional lobule described in the past by Hayreh. Our vascular casts and SEM study show that the choroidal anatomical lobuli are not identical with those observed by angiographical study. Thus, two distinct models of choroidal lobuli, anatomical and functional, should be recognized. The CFVU seen on fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine green (ICG) angiographies as a lobular appearance is most likely caused by the pressure gradient of the blood flow.
本文的目的是澄清解剖学家和临床医生之间关于脉络膜血管结构的争议。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对36只人眼和10只恒河猴眼的血管铸型进行了研究。人和猴的脉络膜毛细血管（CC）均为非均匀结构。它们的模式从视乳头周围区域到周边区域有所变化。在解剖学上，CC的“小叶”外观仅存在于后极的一部分。在86%的解剖小叶中心发现了一条或多条集合小静脉，而在14%的小叶中观察到了一条中央供血小动脉。主要和次要供血小动脉均为CC区域供血，这些区域可被视为过去Hayreh描述的脉络膜功能血管单位（CFVU）或功能小叶。我们的血管铸型和SEM研究表明，脉络膜解剖小叶与血管造影研究中观察到的小叶不同。因此，应该认识到两种不同的脉络膜小叶模型，即解剖学模型和功能模型。在荧光素（FA）和吲哚菁绿（ICG）血管造影上呈现为小叶外观的CFVU很可能是由血流压力梯度引起的。
