[Prophylaxis of radiation-induced thyroid cancers in children after the reactor catastrophy of Chernobyl].

The incidence of thyroid cancer in children living in heavily contaminated regions some 100 km away from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant has increased significantly between 1989 and 1993. On the basis of this observation, preparations for iodine blockage of the thyroid in cases of reactor accidents should be made not only near but also far from nuclear power plants. The WHO recommendations on age-related dosage should be followed; the total iodide dose ranging between 15 and 150 mg daily may be split into several portions. In addition, prophylaxis of iodine-deficient goiters with 50-200 micrograms of iodide daily leads to a significant reduction of the risk of radiation-induced cancers. Consequent elimination of alimentary iodine deficiency should therefore be considered as the basis of precautions against health affects of reactor accidents. Thyroid hormones are indicated only in cases of thyroid enlargement, provided that lesions suspicious for malignancy have been definitely excluded. In the case of thyroid nodules in childhood, the indication for surgery and histological verification of the lesion has to be taken generously.