Pohlmann S, Traenkle U
University of Hamburg, Graduiertenkolleg Kognitionswissenschaft, Germany.
Accid Anal Prev. 1994 Dec;26(6):689-702. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(94)90048-5.
Forty-eight drivers of different ages (35-50 years old, 61 years and older) took part in our study, which tested a marketable navigation system (TRAVELPILOT IDS). Driving and navigation performance, as well as mental workload and the acceptance of innovative technology, were investigated. A limited range of findings will be presented in this paper. The results show that older and middle-aged drivers differ in only a few aspects. Both age groups reveal comparable results in driving. However, regarding the operation of the navigation system and concerning its effectiveness, older drivers performed worse. Age-related differences being rather small, analyses revealed significant global differences between the navigation system and a common road map: usage of the TRAVELPILOT influenced driving behavior negatively with respect to traffic safety. Also, the drivers' orientation was not any better using the navigation system. Based on this experimental work and on results derived from the literature, conclusions are drawn regarding future navigation systems in general and with respect to needs of elderly drivers.
48名不同年龄段（35至50岁、61岁及以上）的驾驶员参与了我们的研究，该研究测试了一种适销的导航系统（TRAVELPILOT IDS）。对驾驶和导航性能、心理负荷以及对创新技术的接受度进行了调查。本文将呈现有限的一系列研究结果。结果表明，老年驾驶员和中年驾驶员仅在几个方面存在差异。两个年龄组在驾驶方面显示出可比的结果。然而，在导航系统的操作及其有效性方面，老年驾驶员表现较差。由于年龄相关差异相当小，分析显示导航系统与普通路线图之间存在显著的总体差异：TRAVELPILOT的使用对交通安全方面的驾驶行为产生了负面影响。此外，使用导航系统时驾驶员的方向感并没有更好。基于这项实验工作以及从文献中得出的结果，得出了关于未来一般导航系统以及老年驾驶员需求的结论。
