Matsuda A, Kuzuya T
Department of Pathological Physiology, Jichi Medical School, School of Nursing, Tochigi-ken, Japan.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1994 Oct;24 Suppl:S63-7. doi: 10.1016/0168-8227(94)90229-1.
By the cooperation of members of the Japan Diabetes Society, we collected data on 144 twin pairs with diabetes or glucose intolerance. By the diagnosis of reporting physicians, the concordance rate of diabetes in monozygotic twins (MZ) was 47% (9/10) for IDDM and 87% (68/78) for NIDDM. The concordance rate in dizygotic twins (DZ) was 8% (1/13) and 43% (9/21) for IDDM and NIDDM, respectively. The concordance rate was higher in MZ than in DZ and in IDDM than in NIDDM. In MZ, the concordance rate was higher in twin pairs in which probands developed diabetes at an older age. The discordant period for diabetes was not shorter in discordant pairs than in concordant pairs. The period of living together was irrelevant to concordance for diabetes. When co-twins of NIDDM twins were examined by oral glucose tolerance test, 98% of co-twins of MZ and 92% of co-twins of DZ had diabetes or a milder degree of glucose intolerance, while in IDDM pairs 45% of MZ and 50% of DZ co-twins had normal glucose tolerance. The insulinogenic index (the ratio of the increment of insulin to that of blood glucose 30 min after a glucose load) in discordant NIDDM co-twins was similar to subjects with the same degree of glucose intolerance.
通过日本糖尿病学会成员的合作，我们收集了144对患有糖尿病或糖耐量异常的双胞胎的数据。根据报告医生的诊断，单卵双胞胎（MZ）中胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）的糖尿病一致性率为47%（9/10），非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（NIDDM）为87%（68/78）。双卵双胞胎（DZ）中IDDM和NIDDM的一致性率分别为8%（1/13）和43%（9/21）。MZ的一致性率高于DZ，IDDM的一致性率高于NIDDM。在MZ中，先证者在较高年龄患糖尿病的双胞胎对的一致性率更高。糖尿病不一致的双胞胎对的不一致期并不比一致的双胞胎对短。共同生活的时间与糖尿病的一致性无关。当对NIDDM双胞胎的同胞进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验时，MZ同胞中的98%和DZ同胞中的92%患有糖尿病或糖耐量异常程度较轻，而在IDDM双胞胎对中，MZ同胞中的45%和DZ同胞中的50%葡萄糖耐量正常。不一致的NIDDM同胞中的胰岛素生成指数（葡萄糖负荷后30分钟胰岛素增量与血糖增量的比值）与糖耐量异常程度相同的受试者相似。
