O'Brien K L, Ruff A J, Louis M A, Desormeaux J, Joseph D J, McBrien M, Coberly J, Boulos R, Halsey N A
Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Pediatrics. 1995 Mar;95(3):414-8.
To compare the risk of complications following Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination among children by maternal and infant HIV-1 infection status as part of an investigation of an outbreak of BCG complications.
A nonconcurrent cohort study of BCG complications among 125 infants born to HIV-1 seropositive and 166 infants born to HIV-1 seronegative mothers was conducted in Cité Soleil, Haiti. Infants were examined at regular intervals until 15 months of age, and complications from BCG were documented. An investigation of BCG vaccination practices was conducted.
Mild or moderate complications occurred among 16 of 166 (9.6%) infants born to HIV-1 seronegative mothers compared with 4 of 13 HIV-1-infected infants (30.8%, P = .04) and 10 of 75 (13.3%, P = .39) uninfected infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers. No serious complications were noted. The outbreak of complications was associated with administration of 2.0 to 2.5 times the recommended dose of BCG vaccine.
This and five other cohort studies indicate that there may be a small increased risk of complications following BCG vaccination among HIV-1-infected children, but the reactions are usually mild and the risk does not outweigh the benefits of BCG vaccination in populations at high risk of tuberculosis during infancy and childhood.
作为卡介苗（BCG）并发症暴发调查的一部分，比较不同母婴HIV-1感染状况的儿童接种BCG疫苗后发生并发症的风险。
在海地太阳城对125名HIV-1血清阳性母亲所生婴儿和166名HIV-1血清阴性母亲所生婴儿进行了一项非同期队列研究，观察BCG并发症情况。定期对婴儿进行检查直至15个月龄，并记录BCG疫苗引起的并发症。同时对BCG疫苗接种操作进行了调查。
HIV-1血清阴性母亲所生的166名婴儿中有16名（9.6%）出现轻或中度并发症，而13名HIV-1感染婴儿中有4名（30.8%，P = 0.04），HIV-1感染母亲所生的75名未感染婴儿中有10名（13.3%，P = 0.39）出现此类情况。未观察到严重并发症。并发症的暴发与BCG疫苗接种剂量为推荐剂量的2.0至2.5倍有关。
本研究及其他五项队列研究表明，HIV-1感染儿童接种BCG疫苗后发生并发症的风险可能略有增加，但反应通常较轻，且在婴幼儿期结核病高危人群中，这种风险并未超过BCG疫苗接种的益处。
