Magdoń M, Kawecka-Jaszcz K, Klocek M, Lubaszewski W, Betkowska-Korpała B
I Kliniki Kardiologii Collegium Medicum UJ.
Psychiatr Pol. 1994 Nov-Dec;28(6):687-700.
The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of neuroses in an examined group of patients and to determine specific personality profiles in the group of men and women with primary arterial hypertension with or without coexisting neurosis. Data were collected from a group of 93 out-patients with primary arterial hypertension of the I and II degree according to WHO (51 men, mean age 47.9 years and 42 women, mean age 44.4 years). All subjects had secondary or university education. Neurotic disturbances were determined by the symptom check-list (version "S") and estimation of the personality structure was performed by the Cattell 16 Personality Factors test. The prevalence of neurotic syndromes was 33% in men and 45% in women. We have found a higher frequency of neuroses than in the population, in both men and women with primary arterial hypertension, who have had secondary education. Factor F- (desurgency) was dominant in the male group (p < 0.01) and factors: A+, I+, O+, Q4+, B-, C-, E-, F-, N-, Q1- were predominant in the female group. The subjects with primary arterial hypertension, but without neurosis were characterised by the following personality factors: men by A+, B+, F- Q2- and women by A+ and I+. Moreover affectothymia (A+) was more frequent in men than in women. The personality structure of men with primary arterial hypertension and concomitant neurosis was characterised by the following 16 PF test factors: C- (low ego strength) and O+ (to be apprehensive/guilt-proneness). Neurotic personality structure in women was described by the following 16 PF test factors: B- (less intelligent), C- (low ego strength), E- (submissiveness), F- (desurgency, sober), N- (artlessness, simple-minded), O+ (apprehensive/guilt-proneness) and Q4+ (high ergic tension). It is important, that the 16 PF test profile was different, both in hypertensive men and women and both with or without the presence of neurotic syndromes. This fact and the prevalence of neurosis among hypertensives should be taken into consideration in the psychologic approach and contemporary treatment of primary arterial hypertension.
本研究的目的是测量一组受检患者中神经症的患病率，并确定患有或未患有并存神经症的原发性高血压男性和女性群体的特定人格特征。数据收集自一组93名符合世界卫生组织I级和II级原发性高血压的门诊患者（51名男性，平均年龄47.9岁，42名女性，平均年龄44.4岁）。所有受试者均接受过中等或大学教育。通过症状清单（“S”版）确定神经症性障碍，并通过卡特尔16种人格因素测试对人格结构进行评估。男性神经症综合征的患病率为33%，女性为45%。我们发现，在接受过中等教育的原发性高血压男性和女性中，神经症的发生率均高于普通人群。男性组中F - 因素（退缩）占主导（p < 0.01），女性组中A +、I +、O +、Q4 +、B -、C -、E -、F -、N -、Q1 - 因素占主导。患有原发性高血压但无神经症的受试者具有以下人格因素特征：男性为A +、B +、F -、Q2 -，女性为A +和I +。此外，情感稳定性（A +）在男性中比在女性中更常见。患有原发性高血压并伴有神经症的男性的人格结构通过以下16种PF测试因素表征：C -（低自我力量）和O +（易担忧/易内疚）。女性的神经症人格结构通过以下16种PF测试因素描述：B -（智力较低）、C -（低自我力量）、E -（顺从）、F -（退缩、冷静）、N -（朴实、头脑简单）、O +（易担忧/易内疚）和Q4 +（高能量紧张）。重要的是，16种PF测试剖面图在高血压男性和女性中以及在有或无神经症综合征的情况下均有所不同。在原发性高血压的心理治疗方法和当代治疗中应考虑到这一事实以及高血压患者中神经症的患病率。
