Esposito-Del Puente A, Lillioja S, Bogardus C, McCubbin J A, Feinglos M N, Kuhn C M, Surwit R S
Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1994 Nov;18(11):766-70.
The aim of this work was to study the effects of a computer-driven mental arithmetic task on blood glucose in a group of four male and four female euglycemic Caucasians and a group of seven male and six female euglycemic Pima Indians. Approximately 60% of euglycemic Pima Indian Native Americans eventually develop type 2 diabetes, while only 5% of Caucasians develop the disease. All subjects had normal glucose tolerance. Subjects were given a standard breakfast; 2 h later, they were given a computerized mental arithmetic stress test for 10 min. Before, during and after the test, several variables were analyzed, including serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon and plasma cortisol and catecholamines. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and all the stress hormones increased during stress and decreased during recovery in all subjects. Blood glucose consistently declined one hour after the meal in all subjects. However, while it continued to decline following stress in seven out of eight Caucasian subjects, it consistently increased during and following stress in 10 out of 13 Pima Indians. Fasting serum glucose in Pima Indians and Caucasians was respectively 5.07 + 0.08 mM and 5.04 + 0.09 mM. Two-hour post-prandial values were 5.63 + 0.22 mM and 5.48 + 0.19 mM respectively, whereas post-stress values were 6.15 + 0.19 mM for Pima Indians and 5.22 + 0.20 mM for Caucasians. Both serum glucose means following stress (t = 3.1, P < 0.005) and the direction of change in serum glucose in response to mental arithmetic (chi 2 = 8.2, P < 0.01) clearly differentiated Pimas from Caucasians.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究的目的是探讨一项计算机驱动的心算任务对一组4名男性和4名女性血糖正常的高加索人以及一组7名男性和6名女性血糖正常的皮马印第安人的血糖影响。约60%血糖正常的皮马印第安原住民最终会发展为2型糖尿病，而只有5%的高加索人会患此病。所有受试者的糖耐量均正常。给受试者提供标准早餐；2小时后，让他们进行10分钟的计算机化心算应激测试。在测试前、测试期间和测试后，分析了几个变量，包括血清葡萄糖、胰岛素、胰高血糖素浓度以及血浆皮质醇和儿茶酚胺。所有受试者在应激期间心率、收缩压和舒张压以及所有应激激素均升高，在恢复期间则下降。所有受试者在进食后1小时血糖持续下降。然而，虽然8名高加索受试者中有7名在应激后血糖继续下降，但13名皮马印第安人中有10名在应激期间及应激后血糖持续升高。皮马印第安人和高加索人的空腹血清葡萄糖分别为5.07±0.08 mM和5.04±0.09 mM。餐后2小时的值分别为5.63±0.22 mM和5.48±0.19 mM，而应激后的值皮马印第安人为6.15±0.19 mM，高加索人为5.22±0.20 mM。应激后血清葡萄糖均值（t = 3.1，P < 0.005）以及心算后血清葡萄糖变化方向（卡方 = 8.2，P < 0.01）均清楚地将皮马人与高加索人区分开来。（摘要截选至250字）
