Cherubin C E, Stratton C W
Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1994 Sep;20(1):21-5. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(94)90014-0.
The search for alternative therapeutic agents for listeriosis includes the quinolone group. Accordingly, the bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and temofloxacin, in comparison with that of ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, was evaluated against Listeria monocytogenes at 24 and 48 h of incubation using time-kill kinetic methodology. The inhibitory concentrations for each agent fell into a narrow range comparable with ampicillin. For example, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges, MIC90 (24 h), and MIC90 (48 h) of the most active quinolone, sparfloxacin, were 0.25-2, 2, and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively, with 4 micrograms/ml achieving > or = 99.9% killing of the inoculum at 24 h with no regrowth by 48 h. At 2-4 times the MIC, bactericidal activity for all quinolones tested was noted at 24 h, unlike the action of ampicillin, which only becomes bactericidal at 48 h. These concentrations are within the achievable range of serum concentrations for a number of these agents. Because selected new fluoroquinolones at two to four times the MIC show bactericidal activity at 24 h, these agents may prove useful as therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of listeriosis.
对李斯特菌病替代治疗药物的研究包括喹诺酮类。因此，使用时间-杀菌动力学方法，在培养24小时和48小时时，评估了环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、洛美沙星、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星和替莫沙星与氨苄西林和磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶相比，对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的杀菌活性。每种药物的抑菌浓度范围较窄，与氨苄西林相当。例如，活性最高的喹诺酮类药物司帕沙星的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）范围、MIC90（24小时）和MIC90（48小时）分别为0.25 - 2微克/毫升、2微克/毫升和2微克/毫升，4微克/毫升在24小时时能杀灭≥99.9%的接种菌，且到48小时无再生长。在MIC的2 - 4倍时，所有测试的喹诺酮类药物在24小时时均有杀菌活性，这与氨苄西林不同，后者仅在48小时时才具有杀菌作用。这些浓度在许多此类药物血清浓度可达到的范围内。由于所选的新型氟喹诺酮类药物在MIC的2 - 4倍时在24小时时显示出杀菌活性，这些药物可能被证明是治疗李斯特菌病的有用替代疗法。
