Nichterlein T, Bornitz F, Kretschmar M, Hof H
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Mannheim, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
J Chemother. 1998 Aug;10(4):313-9. doi: 10.1179/joc.1998.10.4.313.
Levofloxacin (L-ofloxacin) is a fluoroquinolone derivative. It is the active substance contained in ofloxacin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this work we examined the activity of levofloxacin against the facultative intracellular bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium in vitro, in tissue culture and in animal models of infection. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) MIC90 for Salmonella enterica and L. monocytogenes were 0.078 mg/l and 4 mg/l, respectively. Levofloxacin was bactericidal against L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium because 8 x MIC killed 90% of the initial inoculum of L. monocytogenes EGD and S. typhimurium LT2 within 4 hours and 3 hours, respectively. Levofloxacin was more effective than ampicillin against L. monocytogenes EGD infecting tissue culture cells. Also in tissue culture cells infected with S. typhimurium LT2, levofloxacin was slightly more effective than ciprofloxacin. In animal models of infection, levofloxacin was as potent as the reference substances. In conclusion, levofloxacin is a candidate for the treatment of infections caused by facultative intracellular Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
左氧氟沙星是氟喹诺酮衍生物。它是氧氟沙星中的活性物质，对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌均有广谱抗菌活性。在本研究中，我们检测了左氧氟沙星在体外、组织培养及感染动物模型中对兼性胞内菌单核细胞增生李斯特菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的活性。肠炎沙门氏菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）及MIC90分别为0.078 mg/l和4 mg/l。左氧氟沙星对单核细胞增生李斯特菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌具有杀菌作用，因为8倍MIC分别在4小时和3小时内杀死了90%的单核细胞增生李斯特菌EGD和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌LT2的初始接种菌量。在感染组织培养细胞的单核细胞增生李斯特菌EGD中，左氧氟沙星比氨苄西林更有效。在感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌LT2的组织培养细胞中，左氧氟沙星也比环丙沙星稍有效。在感染动物模型中，左氧氟沙星与参比物质效力相当。总之，左氧氟沙星是治疗由兼性胞内革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌引起感染的候选药物。
