Steinpreis R E, Baskin P, Salamone J D
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-1020.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1993;111(1):99-105. doi: 10.1007/BF02257414.
The present series of experiments was conducted to investigate the vacuous jaw movements induced by sub-chronic administration of haloperidol (HP). In the first experiment, daily injection of 0.4 mg/kg HP for 10 days increased vacuous jaw movements and decreased rearing behavior. The second and third experiments investigated the interaction between the effects of HP and the anticholinergic drug scopolamine. Co-administration of 0.5 mg/kg scopolamine with 0.4 mg/kg HP for 9 days reduced vacuous jaw movements and increased rearing responses relative to rats that received HP alone. Co-administration of HP with 0.25 mg/kg scopolamine for 9 days increased rearing relative to rats that received HP alone, but there was no effect of the lower dose of scopolamine on vacuous jaw movements. Administration of 0.5 mg/kg scopolamine plus 0.4 mg/kg HP on days 11-14 to rats that had received HP alone for 10 days reversed the effect of HP on rearing, but not on vacuous jaw movements. Rats that had received HP plus scopolamine for 10 days showed dramatic increases in vacuous jaw movements when scopolamine was withdrawn. Because vacuous jaw movements are produced within the first few days of administration, reduced by administration of scopolamine, and exacerbated by withdrawal of scopolamine, the pharmacological characteristics of these movements do not appear to bear a close relation to those of tardive dyskinesia in humans. The present results are consistent with the hypothesis that vacuous jaw movements in rats share some characteristics with Parkinsonian symptoms.
本系列实验旨在研究氟哌啶醇（HP）亚慢性给药诱导的空嚼运动。在第一个实验中，连续10天每天注射0.4mg/kg的HP会增加空嚼运动并减少竖毛行为。第二个和第三个实验研究了HP与抗胆碱能药物东莨菪碱的相互作用。与单独接受HP的大鼠相比，0.5mg/kg东莨菪碱与0.4mg/kg HP联合给药9天可减少空嚼运动并增加竖毛反应。与单独接受HP的大鼠相比，0.25mg/kg东莨菪碱与HP联合给药9天可增加竖毛行为，但较低剂量的东莨菪碱对空嚼运动没有影响。在单独接受HP 10天的大鼠中，于第11 - 14天给予0.5mg/kg东莨菪碱加0.4mg/kg HP可逆转HP对竖毛行为的影响，但对空嚼运动没有影响。接受HP加东莨菪碱10天的大鼠在停用东莨菪碱后空嚼运动显著增加。由于空嚼运动在给药的最初几天内就会出现，可被东莨菪碱给药所减少，并因东莨菪碱的撤药而加剧，这些运动的药理学特征似乎与人类迟发性运动障碍的特征没有密切关系。目前的结果与大鼠空嚼运动与帕金森症状有一些共同特征的假设一致。
