Parker G C, Inglis W L, Winn P
Psychological Laboratory, University of St. Andrews, Fife, UK.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1993;112(2-3):242-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02244917.
Microinjections of carbachol, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist, into the anterior substantia nigra increase feeding, drinking and sexual behaviour if there is a pre-existing tendency to respond and a low baseline rate of behaviour. The present experiment was undertaken to compare the effects of carbachol with other cholinergic stimulants. Groups of 6-12 satiated rats received 0.5 microliter microinjections into the anterior substantia nigra of 0.1-5.0 micrograms carbachol, 0.1-5.0 micrograms nicotine, 2.5-10.0 micrograms eserine, and 1.25-5.0 micrograms or 0.1-1.0 microgram neostigmine (each dissolved in sterile saline) and the effects on feeding, drinking, locomotion, grooming, rearing and sniffing were examined. Carbachol, nicotine and low doses of neostigmine stimulated eating in a dose-dependent manner. The increased feeding following neostigmine was over a shorter time-period than following carbachol or nicotine. Neither carbachol nor nicotine had any significant effect on behaviour other than eating. The higher doses of neostigmine increased the frequency of sniffing and rearing, but not eating, and no dose of eserine had a clear effect on behaviour. These data are discussed in terms of their relationship to the cholinergic input to substantia nigra which excites pars compacta dopamine-containing neurones.
向黑质前部微量注射毒蕈碱型胆碱能受体激动剂卡巴胆碱，如果动物事先有反应倾向且行为基线率较低，会增加摄食、饮水和性行为。本实验旨在比较卡巴胆碱与其他胆碱能兴奋剂的作用。将6 - 12只饱食的大鼠分为几组，向黑质前部微量注射0.5微升含0.1 - 5.0微克卡巴胆碱、0.1 - 5.0微克尼古丁、2.5 - 10.0微克毒扁豆碱以及1.25 - 5.0微克或0.1 - 1.0微克新斯的明（均溶于无菌生理盐水）的溶液，然后检测对摄食、饮水、运动、梳理毛发、竖身和嗅探行为的影响。卡巴胆碱、尼古丁和低剂量新斯的明以剂量依赖方式刺激进食。新斯的明引起的进食增加持续时间比卡巴胆碱或尼古丁引起的短。除进食外，卡巴胆碱和尼古丁对其他行为均无显著影响。较高剂量的新斯的明增加了嗅探和竖身的频率，但不影响进食，且任何剂量的毒扁豆碱对行为均无明显影响。根据这些数据与黑质胆碱能输入的关系进行了讨论，黑质胆碱能输入可兴奋致密部含多巴胺的神经元。
