Winn P, Williams S F, Herberg L J
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1982;78(4):336-41. doi: 10.1007/BF00433737.
The effects of d-amphetamine over a wide range of doses (0.125-4.0 mg/kg IP) on rat unconditioned behaviour were examined in the presence of food and water (experiment 1), in their absence (experiment 2) and after microinjection (2.0 micrograms in 0.5 microliter) directly into the striatum (experiment 3). In experiment 1 very low doses (0.125 and 0.25 mg/kg) stimulated the intake of food, but not water, and higher doses produced locomotor hyperactivity, rearing, stereotyped sniffing and anorexia. In experiment 2 all doses, including very low doses (0.125 and 0.25 mg/kg), significantly potentiated locomotor activity. In experiment 3, microinjection into the corpus striatum elicited substantial feeding, but not drinking, locomotor activity or stereotyped behaviour. The results suggest that a single graded facilitative mechanism underlies the effects on food intake and other behavioural effects of amphetamine, as implied by a general hypothesis of amphetamine action proposed in the literature, and that these effects may to a large extent be mediated by forebrain dopamine systems.
研究了不同剂量（0.125 - 4.0毫克/千克腹腔注射）的右旋苯丙胺对大鼠非条件行为的影响，实验分别在有食物和水的情况下（实验1）、没有食物和水的情况下（实验2）以及直接向纹状体微量注射（0.5微升中含2.0微克）后进行（实验3）。在实验1中，极低剂量（0.125和0.25毫克/千克）刺激了食物摄取，但未刺激水的摄取，而较高剂量则导致运动亢进、竖毛、刻板嗅探和厌食。在实验2中，所有剂量，包括极低剂量（0.125和0.25毫克/千克），均显著增强了运动活性。在实验3中，向纹状体微量注射引发了大量进食，但未引发饮水、运动活性或刻板行为。结果表明，如文献中提出的苯丙胺作用的一般假设所暗示的，单一的分级促进机制是苯丙胺对食物摄取及其他行为影响的基础，并且这些影响可能在很大程度上由前脑多巴胺系统介导。
