van Vliet I M, Westenberg H G, Den Boer J A
Department of Biological Psychiatry, Academic Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1993;112(4):483-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02244898.
There is considerable evidence that antidepressants, particularly serotonin uptake inhibitors, are effective in the treatment of panic disorder (PD). Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) may also have beneficial effects in PD. In this study 30 patients with PD with or without agoraphobia (DSM-III-R) were treated with the selective and reversible MAO-A inhibitor brofaromine (150 mg daily) in a 12-week double-blind placebo controlled design. A clinical relevant improvement was found in more than 70% of the patients treated with brofaromine, whereas no significant improvement was observed on placebo. After an increase in anxiety in the first week, a clinically relevant improvement in anxiety symptoms was found, followed by a subsequent reduction in agoraphobic avoidance in patients treated with brofaromine. A similar improvement was observed on distress scores related to panic attacks, although there was no significant reduction in the number of panic attacks. The most prominent side-effects were middle sleep disturbance and nausea. No increase in blood pressure was observed. During a follow-up period of another 12 weeks a further improvement was found in patients treated with brofaromine.
有大量证据表明，抗抑郁药，尤其是5-羟色胺摄取抑制剂，对惊恐障碍（PD）的治疗有效。单胺氧化酶抑制剂（MAOI）对PD可能也有有益作用。在本研究中，30例有或无广场恐怖症（DSM-III-R）的PD患者，采用选择性和可逆性MAO-A抑制剂溴法罗明（每日150毫克）进行为期12周的双盲安慰剂对照试验。接受溴法罗明治疗的患者中，超过70%有临床意义上的改善，而安慰剂组未观察到显著改善。在第一周焦虑增加后，接受溴法罗明治疗的患者焦虑症状有临床意义上的改善，随后广场恐怖回避行为减少。与惊恐发作相关的痛苦评分也有类似改善，尽管惊恐发作次数没有显著减少。最突出的副作用是中度睡眠障碍和恶心。未观察到血压升高。在随后12周的随访期内，接受溴法罗明治疗的患者有进一步改善。
