Mahajan P V, Bharucha B A
Department of Pediatrics, K.E.M. Hospital, Bombay.
Indian Pediatr. 1994 Oct;31(10):1193-203.
Qualitative impressions of neck length are often used as aids to dysmorphology in syndromes like Turner, Noonan, Klippel-Feil and in craniovertebral anomalies, some of which have serious neurological implications. There are no national or international standards for neck length. The present study attempted to create standards and percentile charts for Indian children and compute age-independent correlations of neck length with linear measurements such as standing and sitting height. A total of 2724 children of both sexes between 3 and 15 years, whose heights and weights conformed to ICMR standards were inducted. Neck length was measured by a modified two-point discriminator between two fixed bony points-inion and spinous process of C7 with the head held in neutral position. Percentiles (5th-95th) were constructed for both sexes. Growth was rapid from 3 to 6 years. Neck length formed a mean of 12.7 +/- 4.58% of height and 20.1 +/- 6.73% of sitting height. Age independent linear regression equations: Neck length = 10 + (0.035 x height) and Neck length = 9.65 + (0.07 x sitting height) were highly significant (p < 0.001). Neck length relationships of 30 randomly selected normal children clustered around the regression lines and 16 with genetic syndromes fell below the regression lines.
在特纳综合征、努南综合征、克利佩尔-费尔综合征等综合征以及颅颈异常中，颈部长度的定性印象常被用作诊断畸形的辅助手段，其中一些具有严重的神经学意义。目前尚无关于颈部长度的国家或国际标准。本研究试图为印度儿童制定标准和百分位数图表，并计算颈部长度与身高、坐高线性测量值之间与年龄无关的相关性。总共纳入了2724名3至15岁的儿童，其身高和体重符合印度医学研究理事会（ICMR）的标准。颈部长度是通过一种改良的两点辨别器测量的，测量两个固定骨点（枕外隆凸和C7棘突）之间的距离，头部保持中立位置。为男女两性构建了百分位数（第5至第95百分位数）。3至6岁时生长迅速。颈部长度平均占身高的12.7±4.58%，占坐高的20.1±6.73%。与年龄无关的线性回归方程：颈部长度 = 10 +（0.035×身高）和颈部长度 = 9.65 +（0.07×坐高）具有高度显著性（p < 0.001）。30名随机选择的正常儿童的颈部长度关系聚集在回归线周围，16名患有遗传综合征的儿童的颈部长度低于回归线。
