Bird E K, Chapman R S
School of Human Communication Disorders, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
J Speech Hear Res. 1994 Dec;37(6):1369-80. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3706.1369.
This study investigated whether memory for item order is selectively impaired in a group of individuals with Down syndrome. The ability to recall correctly ordered information was examined using two auditory tasks--narrative recall (Time 1) and digit span (Time 2)--and a nonverbal, visual task (Time 2) on which mental age (MA) matching was partially determined. Although subjects with Down syndrome recalled significantly less information than MA-matched controls on both auditory tasks, replicating previous findings of auditory memory span deficits, no differences in the ordering of recalled information were found. Nor did the groups differ in the relative frequency of ordering errors in the visual task. Neither a pervasive deficit in sequential processing nor a specific difficulty in recalling the order of information is supported. Alternative accounts are discussed.
本研究调查了唐氏综合征患者群体在记忆项目顺序方面是否存在选择性损伤。通过两项听觉任务——叙事回忆（时间1）和数字广度（时间2）以及一项非言语视觉任务（时间2）来检验正确回忆有序信息的能力，在视觉任务中部分确定了心理年龄（MA）匹配情况。尽管唐氏综合征患者在两项听觉任务中回忆的信息明显少于MA匹配的对照组，这重现了先前关于听觉记忆广度缺陷的研究结果，但在回忆信息的顺序方面未发现差异。在视觉任务中，两组在排序错误的相对频率上也没有差异。这既不支持序列加工普遍存在缺陷，也不支持在回忆信息顺序方面存在特定困难。文中讨论了其他解释。
