Germaud P, Morin O
Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital G. et R. Laënnec, Saint-Herblain, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1994 Sep;42(7):656-60.
Infections caused by fungi of the genus Aspergillus have become a major and dangerous problem in the modern treatments of blood diseases using cytotoxic drugs. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is the usual clinical manifestation of the disease. The clinical signs, not very suggestive, are those of an infective pneumonia and localized radiological forms are initially more frequent in most cases. The extra pulmonary forms are frequent: nose and sinus, skin, bone, digestive, central nervous system are principal localisations; but all organs may be affected by the processus of dissemination. The proximal tracheobronchial localisations may be seen by fibroscopy in 20% of cases, associated to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Diagnosis rests on pathological data, but in many cases the only possible examinations are broncho-alveolar lavage and bronchial brushing. The positive results are a major test of diagnosis.
在现代使用细胞毒性药物治疗血液疾病的过程中，曲霉属真菌引起的感染已成为一个主要且危险的问题。侵袭性肺曲霉病是该病常见的临床表现。临床症状不太具有特异性，与感染性肺炎的症状相似，大多数情况下最初局部放射学表现更为常见。肺外表现也较为常见：鼻和鼻窦、皮肤、骨骼、消化系统、中枢神经系统是主要受累部位；但所有器官都可能因播散过程而受到影响。20%的侵袭性肺曲霉病患者可通过纤维镜检查发现近端气管支气管受累。诊断依赖于病理数据，但在许多情况下，唯一可行的检查是支气管肺泡灌洗和支气管刷检。阳性结果是诊断的重要依据。
