DeMaria P A, Weinstein S P
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Postgrad Med. 1995 Mar;97(3):83-6, 91-2.
Methadone, a long-acting oral narcotic analgesic, prevents withdrawal symptoms and craving over a 24-hour period in patients addicted to narcotics. Methadone maintenance treatment programs have been shown to decrease criminal behavior, improve psychosocial functioning, and decrease injecting narcotic use, thus reducing the spread of AIDS. For primary care physicians, knowing when and how to refer a patient to methadone maintenance treatment, as well as ensuring ongoing liaison with the treatment program, can help improve the quality and continuity of care for addicted patients.
美沙酮是一种长效口服麻醉性镇痛药，可在24小时内预防成瘾患者出现戒断症状和渴求感。美沙酮维持治疗项目已被证明能减少犯罪行为、改善心理社会功能并减少注射毒品的使用，从而降低艾滋病的传播。对于初级保健医生而言，了解何时以及如何将患者转介至美沙酮维持治疗，并确保与治疗项目保持持续联络，有助于提高对成瘾患者的护理质量和连贯性。
