Fraunfelder F W, Fraunfelder F T, Illingworth D R
Oregon Health Sciences University, Department of Ophthalmology, Portland 97201.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1995 Jan;79(1):54-6. doi: 10.1136/bjo.79.1.54.
In a retrospective survey of patients taking medication for hyperlipidaemia, those taking niacin (nicotinic acid) were more likely (p < 0.05) to report sicca syndromes, blurred vision, eyelid oedema, and macular oedema compared with those who never took niacin. Additionally, 7% of those taking niacin discontinued the drug owing to adverse ocular side effects, while none of the other lipid lowering agents were found to cause these side effects (p = 0.016). Data from spontaneous reporting systems support a possible association of decreased vision, cystoid macular oedema, sicca-like symptoms, discoloration of the eyelids with or without periorbital or eyelid oedema, proptosis, loss of eyebrow or eyelashes, and superficial punctate keratitis with the use of niacin in high doses. Decreased vision may be marked, and if the drug is not discontinued, may progress to cystoid macular oedema. All ocular side effects listed above are reversible if the association with niacin is recognised and the drug is discontinued; both the incidence and severity of the ocular side effects seem to be dose dependent.
在一项针对服用降血脂药物患者的回顾性调查中，与从未服用烟酸的患者相比，服用烟酸（尼克酸）的患者更有可能（p<0.05）报告干燥综合征、视力模糊、眼睑水肿和黄斑水肿。此外，服用烟酸的患者中有7%因眼部不良反应而停药，而其他降脂药物均未发现会引起这些副作用（p = 0.016）。自发报告系统的数据支持高剂量使用烟酸可能与视力下降、黄斑囊样水肿、类干燥症状、伴有或不伴有眶周或眼睑水肿的眼睑变色、眼球突出、眉毛或睫毛脱落以及浅层点状角膜炎有关。视力下降可能很明显，如果不停药，可能会发展为黄斑囊样水肿。如果认识到与烟酸的关联并停药，上述所有眼部副作用都是可逆的；眼部副作用的发生率和严重程度似乎都与剂量有关。
