Huic M, Mucolic V, Vrhovac B, Francetic I, Bakran I, Giljanovic S
Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Centre Zagreb, Croatia.
Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1994 Dec;32(12):675-82.
A 14-month (1992/3) prospective study was performed in two departments of the University Hospital Centre (UHC) in Zagreb. The aim of the study was to assess the rate of drug-related hospitalizations, drugs that caused adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and all factors which could have been of importance for their appearance. One hundred and thirty (2.5%) of 5,227 patients were admitted to hospital because of ADRs. The most frequently ADR-related drugs were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics (64.6%). They were followed by cardiovascular agents (20.8%) and antimicrobials (3.8%). Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) caused 38.5% of hospital admissions, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 23.1% and medigoxin 15.4% of hospitalizations. The most frequent ADRs were upper gastro-intestinal tract bleeding (64.6%), cardiac rhythm disturbances (13.9%), blood cell disorders (4.6%) and hypoglycemia (2.3%). Regarding the patients' age, 52.3% of patients was younger and 47.7% older than 65. Sixty-one point five percent of patients was taking more than one drug, older patients (48 patients--77.4%) have been taking a significantly higher number of drugs than the younger (32 patients--47.1%) (p < 0.0001) ones. Drug interactions caused 23.8% of ADRs. Only 11 (8.5%) of patients suspected themselves that the drug might have caused the ADR. Improvement was observed in the majority of patients (65.4%), 25.4% recovered completely, 4 (3.0%) died in the hospital because of ADRs. 3.0% of patients as well died of their underlying diseases, 2.3% were transferred to other departments for their underlying diseases, and one patient left the hospital on his free will.
在萨格勒布大学医院中心（UHC）的两个科室进行了一项为期14个月（1992年/3月）的前瞻性研究。该研究的目的是评估与药物相关的住院率、引起药物不良反应（ADR）的药物以及所有可能对其出现具有重要意义的因素。5227名患者中有130名（2.5%）因ADR入院。与ADR最相关的药物是非甾体抗炎药和镇痛药（64.6%）。其次是心血管药物（20.8%）和抗菌药物（3.8%）。乙酰水杨酸（阿司匹林）导致38.5%的住院病例，其他非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）导致23.1%，地高辛导致15.4%的住院病例。最常见的ADR是上消化道出血（64.6%）、心律失常（13.9%）、血细胞紊乱（4.6%）和低血糖（2.3%）。关于患者年龄，52.3%的患者年龄小于65岁，47.7%的患者年龄大于65岁。61.5%的患者服用不止一种药物，老年患者（48名患者——77.4%）服用的药物数量明显高于年轻患者（32名患者——47.1%）（p<0.0001）。药物相互作用导致23.8%的ADR。只有11名（8.5%）患者怀疑药物可能导致了ADR。大多数患者（65.4%）病情有所改善，25.4%完全康复，4名（3.0%）患者因ADR在医院死亡。3.0%的患者也死于基础疾病，2.3%的患者因基础疾病被转至其他科室，1名患者自愿出院。
