[Recurrent subacute endocarditis caused by Streptococcus mutans in a child].

Bacterial endocarditis belongs to the rare diseases in childhood. It occurs usually as a single episode and almost exclusively in children with congenital heart disease. In recent years, however, an increased number of renewed endocarditis after the first episode were reported, especially in drug addicts. We present a case of renewed subacute infective endocarditis 3 years and 9 months after complete recovery from the first one. Furthermore, using the available literatures, the role of risk factors, the change in spectrum of the infecting organisms, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in cases with renewed infection are discussed.