Richards K L, Armstrong J D, Tikoff G, Hershgold E J, Booth J L, Rampton J B
Arch Intern Med. 1976 Oct;136(10):1091-6.
Eighty-five patients suspected of having lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) participated in a prospective study to test the diagnostic accuracy of four noninvasive techniques: Doppler ultrasonic flow study, electrical impedance plethysmography, the serial dilution protamine sulfate test, and an extensive physical examination. Ascending radiocontrast phlebography was the diagnostic standard of reference. We found that (1) when both Doppler and impedance examinations were positive, the diagnosis of DVT could be considered virtually certain; (2) impedance and Doppler examinations, when used in combination, were reliable screening tests capable of establishing or excluding the presence of thigh DVT; (3) physical examination and the serial dilution protamine sulfate test were unreliable screening techniques for DVT; (4) techniques other than the noninvasive methods investigated were needed to reliably detect or to exclude popliteal and call DVT.
85名疑似下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的患者参与了一项前瞻性研究，以测试四种非侵入性技术的诊断准确性：多普勒超声血流检查、电阻抗体积描记法、连续稀释硫酸鱼精蛋白试验以及全面的体格检查。上行放射性对比静脉造影是诊断的参考标准。我们发现：（1）当多普勒检查和阻抗检查均为阳性时，DVT的诊断几乎可以确定；（2）阻抗检查和多普勒检查联合使用时，是能够确定或排除大腿DVT存在的可靠筛查试验；（3）体格检查和连续稀释硫酸鱼精蛋白试验是不可靠的DVT筛查技术；（4）需要采用除所研究的非侵入性方法之外的技术来可靠地检测或排除腘静脉和小腿DVT。
