Gruber U F
Langenbecks Arch Chir. 1977 Nov;345:331-5. doi: 10.1007/BF01305499.
Early diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in all patients operated upon does not make sense. Prevention is better. Should dvt occur, phlebography is mandatory. The only other reliable objective method is the fibrinogen test, which is ideal for clinical research. Peripheral pulmonary emboli (pe) are more common than most people assume. Many are asymptomatic and lyse spontaneously, but often they are precursors of dangerous pe. Combined perfusion-ventilation scintigrams are often diagnostic. The combination of dyspnea, tachypnea, low pO2, and low pCO2 in the presence of a nearly normal chest X-ray makes a diagnosis of massive pe most likely. In all unclear situations pulmonary angiography is important.
对所有接受手术的患者进行深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的早期诊断是没有意义的。预防更为重要。如果发生DVT，静脉造影是必需的。唯一其他可靠的客观方法是纤维蛋白原试验，这对临床研究来说是理想的。外周肺栓塞（PE）比大多数人认为的更为常见。许多是无症状的且会自发溶解，但它们常常是危险PE的先兆。联合灌注-通气闪烁扫描通常具有诊断价值。在胸部X线片基本正常的情况下，呼吸困难、呼吸急促、低氧分压和低二氧化碳分压同时出现，最有可能诊断为大面积PE。在所有不明确的情况下，肺血管造影都很重要。
