Hays R D, Bell R M, Damush T, Hill L, DiMatteo M R, Marshall G N
RAND, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138.
Int J Addict. 1994 Dec;29(14):1909-20. doi: 10.3109/10826089409128263.
The influence of response options on self-reported frequency of alcohol use was evaluated in an experimental study of 350 students at a west coast university. Respondents were asked about their frequency of alcohol use in the last 7 days, 30 days, 90 days, and 180 days with three methodological factors randomized: 1) how quantitative the response options were; 2) order of presentation of close-ended response options; and 3) relative placement of alcohol use items in the questionnaire. Results indicate that the quantitativeness of response options and the location of items within the questionnaire have minimal effects on the average frequency of alcohol use and number of inconsistent responses over a wide range of time frames. However, presenting higher frequency response options prior to lower frequency response options increased self-reported frequency of having consumed 2 or more drinks in the last 30 days and frequency of alcohol use over the last 180 days.
在一项针对西海岸一所大学350名学生的实验研究中，评估了回答选项对自我报告饮酒频率的影响。研究人员询问受访者在过去7天、30天、90天和180天内的饮酒频率，并将三个方法学因素随机化：1）回答选项的量化程度；2）封闭式回答选项的呈现顺序；3）问卷中饮酒项目的相对位置。结果表明，回答选项的量化程度和问卷中项目的位置对广泛时间范围内的平均饮酒频率和不一致回答数量影响极小。然而，在较低频率回答选项之前呈现较高频率回答选项，会增加自我报告的过去30天内饮用2杯或更多饮料的频率以及过去180天内的饮酒频率。
