Dieckhöfer K
Fortschr Med. 1976 Sep 16;94(26):1399-404.
The development of a psychiatric science in Spain took place on various levels. To this end an examination was made as to the cultural-historical side with the Christian and stoical tradition as well as to the ethnologic-psychological side, especially with the aspect of inferiority and pride taking into consideration the reflection of these problems in the so-called "generation of 1898". Furthermore, linguistic aspects were taken into consideration as the example of the Spanish term ""gana" and the expressions of the Valencian dialect in the Middle Ages show. The "forerunner"-psychiatry as well as the significance of the first European Christian mental hospital in 1409 were described. The examination comes to the conclusion that whilst the Spanish psychiatry, after comparatively late maturity, followed the German phenomenological school, it still succeeded in enriching this school with conceptions of its own, such as the vital fear (López Ibor) and physiodynamic factors.
西班牙精神病学的发展在多个层面展开。为此，从文化历史层面，以基督教和斯多葛传统为切入点进行了考察；从民族学心理学层面，尤其关注自卑与骄傲的方面，同时考虑到这些问题在所谓“1898年一代”中的反映。此外，还以西班牙语词汇“gana”以及中世纪巴伦西亚方言的表达为例，考虑了语言方面。文中描述了“先驱”精神病学以及1409年欧洲第一家基督教精神病院的意义。考察得出的结论是，尽管西班牙精神病学在相对较晚成熟之后追随了德国现象学学派，但它仍成功地用自身的概念，如生命恐惧（洛佩斯·伊沃尔）和生理动力学因素，丰富了该学派。
