Buenting J E, Dalston R M, Smith T L, Drake A F
Division of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7070.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1994 Dec;77(6):2558-63. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1994.77.6.2558.
The present study was undertaken to determine in model studies whether currently available acoustic rhinometry instrumentation might be used to analyze the nasal cavity configuration of infants and children. A simple nasal cavity model was constructed using eight Lucite inserts that were placed between standard nosepieces provided by the manufacturer and a 35-cm-long polyvinyl chloride pipe closed at its distal end. To simulate the nasal valve, the inserts were 12 mm in length and had apertures ranging in diameter from 2 to 9 mm. A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the accuracy with which the acoustic rhinometer measured the size of each insert aperture and the configuration of the model system distal to that aperture. Transmission losses caused errors in the area measurement of the insert aperture and the tube distal to the insert. When the insert aperture was < 6 mm in diameter (0.28 cm2), the aperture area was overestimated by > 10%, whereas the area of the distal tube was underestimated by > 10%. As a result of response lags, the acoustic rhinometer also failed to provide an accurate indication of insert length. Finally, oscillation artifacts caused estimates of the distal pipe area to fluctuate. These three systematic errors are described, and their potential impact on acoustic rhinometry in children is discussed.
本研究旨在通过模型研究确定目前可用的鼻声反射测量仪器是否可用于分析婴幼儿的鼻腔结构。使用八个有机玻璃插入物构建了一个简单的鼻腔模型，这些插入物放置在制造商提供的标准鼻件与一根35厘米长、远端封闭的聚氯乙烯管之间。为了模拟鼻瓣膜，插入物长度为12毫米，孔径范围为2至9毫米。进行了一系列实验，以评估鼻声反射仪测量每个插入物孔径大小以及该孔径远端模型系统结构的准确性。传输损耗在插入物孔径和插入物远端管道的面积测量中导致了误差。当插入物孔径直径<6毫米（0.28平方厘米）时，孔径面积被高估>10%，而远端管道的面积被低估>10%。由于响应延迟，鼻声反射仪也未能准确指示插入物长度。最后，振荡伪像导致远端管道面积的估计值波动。描述了这三种系统误差，并讨论了它们对儿童鼻声反射测量的潜在影响。
