Buenting J E, Dalston R M, Drake A F
Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7070.
Laryngoscope. 1994 Dec;104(12):1439-45. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199412000-00003.
The present study was undertaken to determine whether a modification to commercially available acoustic rhinometry (AR) instrumentation might allow equipment designed for use in adults to determine accurately the nasal cavity configuration of infants and children. The standard wave tube was replaced with a version having a narrow (0.312-cm2) internal diameter (ID). Before use with neonates, the accuracy of this instrument was evaluated using the nasal cavity of a full-term infant cadaver. Acoustic nasal area curves were compared to area measurements of polyvinylsiloxane nasal casts and direct volume measurements of the specimen. AR correlated well with nasal cast data (r = .88) for total nasal cavity area. The acoustic method underestimated the total area at the nasal valve by only 1.8 mm2 (22.1 mm2 vs. 23.9 mm2) and overestimated choanal area by 10 mm2 (56.9 mm2 vs. 46.9 mm2). In addition, AR measured total nasal volume to within 5.2% of the value obtained by direct measurement. In a cohort of 10 normal, term infants, the mean acoustic value for total nasal valve area was 19.2 +/- 0.05 mm2 and for total nasal volume was 1.76 +/- 0.53 cm3. This, the first report of nasal area and volume information in live infants, suggests that the modified AR device has utility both in airway research and as a nasal patency screening tool in the pediatric population.
本研究旨在确定对市售鼻声反射仪（AR）设备进行改装是否能使原本设计用于成人的设备准确测定婴儿和儿童的鼻腔形态。将标准波导管换成了内径为0.312平方厘米的窄型波导管。在用于新生儿之前，使用足月婴儿尸体的鼻腔评估了该仪器的准确性。将鼻声反射面积曲线与聚硅氧烷鼻模型的面积测量值以及标本的直接体积测量值进行了比较。对于整个鼻腔面积，鼻声反射与鼻模型数据相关性良好（r = 0.88）。声学方法低估鼻瓣处的总面积仅1.8平方毫米（22.1平方毫米对23.9平方毫米），而高估后鼻孔面积10平方毫米（56.9平方毫米对46.9平方毫米）。此外，鼻声反射测量的总鼻腔体积与直接测量获得的值相差在5.2%以内。在一组10名正常足月婴儿中，鼻瓣总面积的平均声学值为19.2±0.05平方毫米，总鼻腔体积的平均声学值为1.76±0.53立方厘米。这是关于活体婴儿鼻腔面积和体积信息的首次报告，表明改装后的鼻声反射仪在气道研究以及作为儿科人群鼻腔通畅性筛查工具方面均具有实用价值。
