Koelbing H M
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1976 Jan;168(1):103-8.
Julius Hirschberg of Berlin was one of the most brilliant ophthalmologists of his time. As a surgeon and as the editor of the "Centralblatt für praktische Augenheilkunde" (1877-1919) he enjoyed a world-wide reputation. He devised an electrical hand magnet for the extraction of intraocular foreign bodies (1879 - see Duke-Elder, System of ophthalmology, vol. 14/I, p.616) and investigated, among many other aspects of clinical ophthalmology, the ocular manifestations of general disease (e.g. diabetes). Hirschberg's greatest achievement is his History of ophthalmology, from the ancient Egyptians down to 1900 AD ("Geschichte der Augenheikunde" 1899-1919, 9 vols., 4700 p.). Because Hirschberg mastered not only several modern languages, but also Greek, Latin and Arabic, he was able to familiarize his readers with the original thoughts or even words of the earlier authors. Belonging himself to a positivistic and optimistic generation, he based his narratian on men, facts and tangible progress. Many problems which are discussed by modern historians of science have already been masterly treated by Hirschberg; reading his "Geschichte" is still worthwhile, even for English speaking scholars.
柏林的尤利乌斯·希尔施贝格是他那个时代最杰出的眼科医生之一。作为一名外科医生以及《实用眼科学中央报》（1877 - 1919年）的编辑，他享誉全球。他发明了一种用于摘除眼内异物的电动手持磁铁（1879年——见杜克 - 埃尔德所著《眼科学系统》第14卷/I，第616页），并且在临床眼科学的诸多其他方面展开研究，其中包括全身性疾病的眼部表现（例如糖尿病）。希尔施贝格最伟大的成就是他所著的《眼科史》，涵盖从古埃及到公元1900年的内容（《眼科学史》，1899 - 1919年，9卷，共4700页）。由于希尔施贝格不仅精通多种现代语言，还掌握希腊语、拉丁语和阿拉伯语，所以他能够让读者了解早期作者的原始思想甚至原话。他本人属于一个实证主义且乐观的时代，他的叙述以人物、事实和切实的进步为基础。现代科学史学家所讨论的许多问题，希尔施贝格都已经进行了精湛的论述；即便对于说英语的学者而言，阅读他的《眼科史》仍然很有价值。
