Stevens K N, Nickerson R S, Boothroyd A, Rollins A M
J Speech Hear Res. 1976 Jun;19(2):393-416. doi: 10.1044/jshr.1902.393.
Nasality is widely recognized as a problem in the speech of many deaf people. This paper describes one approach to the assessment of nasalization and to the development of visual aids to assist in training of velopharyngeal control. The approach involves detection of the velopharyngeal opening during voiced sounds by means of a small accelerometer attached to the nose, and presentation of the accelerometer output on a computer-controlled visual display. The display may be used as a training aid, or for the purpose of analyzing either recorded or live speech. Objective data are presented on some of the properties of the accelerometer output for the speech of people with normal hearing and of a number of children whose hearing is severely impaired. These data show inadequate velopharyngeal control, particularly improper nasalization of certain vowels, for a significant number of the deaf children. For a group of the hearing-impaired children, subjective judgments of the adequacy of velopharyngeal control and of other speech attributes were obtained. Correlations among these judgments and relations between judgments of adequacy of velopharyngeal control and the objective measures of nasalization are shown. Some comments are made on the development of procedures for the training of velopharyngeal control using the display as an aid.
鼻音被广泛认为是许多聋人言语中的一个问题。本文描述了一种评估鼻音化以及开发视觉辅助工具以协助腭咽控制训练的方法。该方法包括通过连接在鼻子上的一个小型加速度计在浊音期间检测腭咽开口，并在计算机控制的视觉显示器上呈现加速度计的输出。该显示器可作为训练辅助工具，或用于分析录制的或现场的语音。给出了关于听力正常者以及一些听力严重受损儿童的语音的加速度计输出的一些特性的客观数据。这些数据表明，相当数量的聋童存在腭咽控制不足的情况，尤其是某些元音的鼻音化不当。对于一组听力受损儿童，获得了关于腭咽控制充分性和其他语音属性的主观判断。展示了这些判断之间的相关性以及腭咽控制充分性判断与鼻音化客观测量之间的关系。对使用该显示器作为辅助工具进行腭咽控制训练的程序开发进行了一些评论。
