Bradwejn J
Division of Psychopharmacology, St. Mary's Hospital Centre, Montreal, Quebec.
Can J Psychiatry. 1993 Nov;38 Suppl 4:S109-13.
For several decades, benzodiazepines have shown their effectiveness in the treatment of various manifestations of anxiety. Recent diagnostic systems have divided these manifestations of anxiety into categories and separate pathologies, such as generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Researchers have studied the use and efficacy of benzodiazepine receptor agonists in patients with these distinct diagnostic categories. Clinical studies on generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder usually suggest equivalent efficacy among benzodiazepine agonists, although truly comparative studies with two or three drugs are scarce. Further work is needed on the differences in side-effects, pharmacokinetics and discontinuation reactions for benzodiazepines. Concerns about benzodiazepine dependency--justified or not--and about discontinuation reactions have motivated the search for newer benzodiazepines without these problems. This paper reviews the efficacy and comparative studies of benzodiazepines that are currently available and discusses recent developments in research on newer benzodiazepines molecules.
几十年来，苯二氮䓬类药物已在治疗各种焦虑表现方面显示出其有效性。最近的诊断系统已将这些焦虑表现分为不同类别和独立的病症，如广泛性焦虑症和惊恐障碍。研究人员已对苯二氮䓬受体激动剂在患有这些不同诊断类别的患者中的使用和疗效进行了研究。关于广泛性焦虑症和惊恐障碍的临床研究通常表明，苯二氮䓬激动剂之间的疗效相当，不过真正对两三种药物进行比较的研究很少。对于苯二氮䓬类药物的副作用、药代动力学和停药反应的差异，还需要进一步开展研究。对苯二氮䓬类药物依赖性（无论是否合理）以及停药反应的担忧，促使人们寻找不存在这些问题的新型苯二氮䓬类药物。本文综述了目前可用的苯二氮䓬类药物的疗效及比较研究，并讨论了新型苯二氮䓬类药物分子研究的最新进展。
