Burrows G D, Judd F K, Norman T R
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
J Psychiatr Res. 1993;27 Suppl 1:111-25. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(93)90022-t.
Drug treatment of panic disorder with benzodiazepines and antidepressants has been established as efficacious in the short-term (6-8 weeks). The efficacy of medications during long-term (i.e., continuous) treatment has not often been addressed and a review of the evidence is presented. Most data exists for the long-term effectiveness of benzodiazepines. Experience with the triazolobenzodiazepine, alprazolam, is reviewed together with some other high potency drugs, e.g., clonazepam. Tricyclic antidepressants are also effective in the long-term treatment of panic and the relevant studies are presented. Long-term efficacy for monoamine oxidase inhibitors is not as clearly established. The issue of relapse following drug withdrawal is addressed and some strategies for patient management in long-term therapy are discussed.
使用苯二氮䓬类药物和抗抑郁药治疗惊恐障碍已被证实短期内（6 - 8周）有效。药物在长期（即持续）治疗中的疗效尚未得到充分探讨，本文将对相关证据进行综述。关于苯二氮䓬类药物的长期有效性已有较多数据。本文将对三唑并苯二氮䓬类药物阿普唑仑的使用经验以及其他一些高效能药物（如氯硝西泮）进行综述。三环类抗抑郁药在惊恐障碍的长期治疗中也有效，并将展示相关研究。单胺氧化酶抑制剂的长期疗效尚不明确。本文还将探讨停药后复发的问题，并讨论长期治疗中患者管理的一些策略。
