Garvey M J
University of Iowa College of Medicine Center, Iowa City.
Geriatrics. 1993 Jul;48(7):49-53, 56-8.
Panic disorder is relatively common in older patients and may have serious consequences. The diagnosis is based on an accurate history of symptom onset and intensity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, dizziness, increased heart rate, trembling, and sweating. Effective treatment can be achieved with several kinds of medication, including benzodiazepines. Although physician and patient fears about benzodiazepines persist, panic-disordered patients with no history of drug abuse rarely develop substance dependence problems. Physical dependence occurs in a minority of patients and can be minimized by a slow tapering schedule. As with most medications, benzodiazepines need to be used with caution in older patients, who are more susceptible to adverse effects.
惊恐障碍在老年患者中相对常见，且可能产生严重后果。诊断基于症状发作和强度的准确病史。症状包括呼吸急促、头晕、心率加快、颤抖和出汗。使用包括苯二氮䓬类药物在内的几种药物可实现有效治疗。尽管医生和患者对苯二氮䓬类药物的担忧依然存在，但无药物滥用史的惊恐障碍患者很少出现药物依赖问题。身体依赖在少数患者中出现，可通过缓慢减量方案将其降至最低。与大多数药物一样，苯二氮䓬类药物在老年患者中需谨慎使用，因为他们更容易出现不良反应。
