Kanki P J, Travers K U, MBoup S, Hsieh C C, Marlink R G, Gueye-NDiaye A, Siby T, Thior I, Hernandez-Avila M, Sankalé J L
Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Lancet. 1994 Apr 16;343(8903):943-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90065-5.
Because of the similar virological properties of HIV types 1 and 2, HIV-2 was assumed to be as infectious and capable of inducing AIDS as HIV-1. Seroepidemiological studies have shown significant rates of HIV-2 infection in West Africa, and surveys from other regions of the world indicate that the spread of HIV-2 infection continues. However the pathogenic potential of HIV-2 is considered to be lower than that of HIV-1. It is therefore important to understand the transmission properties of HIV-2 and its contribution to the AIDS pandemic. Since 1985, we have prospectively studied 1452 registered female prostitutes in Dakar, Senegal, with sequential evaluation of their antibody status to HIV-1 and HIV-2. During the study the overall incidence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 was the same (1.11 per 100 person-years of observation [pyo]). However, the annual incidence of HIV-1 increased substantially: there was a 1.4-fold increased risk per year and thus a 12-fold increase in risk over the entire study period. The incidence of HIV-2 remained stable, despite higher HIV-2 prevalence. In our population the heterosexual spread of HIV-2 is significantly slower than that of HIV-1, which strongly suggests differences in the viruses' infectivity potential.
由于1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）具有相似的病毒学特性，人们曾认为HIV-2与HIV-1一样具有传染性且能够引发艾滋病。血清流行病学研究表明，西非地区HIV-2感染率很高，而来自世界其他地区的调查显示，HIV-2感染仍在继续传播。然而，HIV-2的致病潜力被认为低于HIV-1。因此，了解HIV-2的传播特性及其对艾滋病流行的影响非常重要。自1985年以来，我们对塞内加尔达喀尔1452名登记在册的女性性工作者进行了前瞻性研究，对她们的HIV-1和HIV-2抗体状态进行了连续评估。在研究期间，HIV-1和HIV-2的总体发病率相同（每100人年观察期[pyo]为1.11例）。然而，HIV-1的年发病率大幅上升：每年风险增加1.4倍，因此在整个研究期间风险增加了12倍。尽管HIV-2的流行率较高，但其发病率保持稳定。在我们的研究人群中，HIV-2的异性传播明显慢于HIV-1，这强烈表明两种病毒的感染潜力存在差异。
