Vogler A P, Knisley C B, Glueck S B, Hill J M, Desalle R
American Museum of Natural History, Department of Entomology, New York, NY 10024.
Mol Ecol. 1993 Dec;2(6):375-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.1993.tb00030.x.
Populations of the puritan tiger beetle Cicindela puritana in the eastern United States were found to be highly threatened at the Connecticut River, whereas several large populations on the western shore and newly discovered populations on the eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay appeared to be less endangered. We assessed if the disjunct C. puritana subgroups are genetically distinct and therefore should be treated as separate units for conservation purposes. A total of 13 individuals from the Connecticut River and 27 individuals from the Chesapeake Bay were each analysed by sequencing of up to 837 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA per individual. Five different haplotypes could be distinguished. In a phylogenetic analysis of these DNA sequences that included four related Cicindela species as out-groups, haplotypes from the Chesapeake Bay represent a distinct clade. The conservation status of these populations was evaluated using a phylogenetic approach based on cladistic analysis and the framework of the phylogenetic species concept. According to this analysis, beetles from the Connecticut River and the Chesapeake Bay have to be considered as independent units. Populations from the eastern and western shore of Chesapeake Bay are not split in more than one unit using the same criteria, although they exhibited some degree of genetic subdivision. The results from the mtDNA analysis were corroborated by ecological parameters in that the Chesapeake Bay populations can be distinguished from all congeners by their different habitat association.
在美国东部，人们发现康涅狄格河的清教徒虎甲（Cicindela puritana）种群受到严重威胁，而切萨皮克湾西岸的几个大种群以及东岸新发现的种群似乎濒危程度较低。我们评估了这些分散的清教徒虎甲亚群在基因上是否有差异，因此是否应将它们作为单独的保护单元来对待。分别对来自康涅狄格河的13只个体和来自切萨皮克湾的27只个体进行分析，每个个体对线粒体DNA多达837个碱基对进行测序。可以区分出五种不同的单倍型。在对这些DNA序列进行的系统发育分析中，将四种相关的虎甲物种作为外类群，来自切萨皮克湾的单倍型代表一个独特的进化枝。利用基于分支分析和系统发育物种概念框架的系统发育方法评估了这些种群的保护状况。根据这一分析，来自康涅狄格河和切萨皮克湾的甲虫必须被视为独立的单元。尽管切萨皮克湾东西岸的种群表现出一定程度的基因细分，但使用相同标准时，它们并没有被划分为多个单元。线粒体DNA分析的结果得到了生态参数的证实，因为切萨皮克湾的种群因其不同的栖息地关联而可与所有同属物种区分开来。
