Takahashi K, Totsune K, Murakami O, Satoh F, Sone M, Ohneda M, Sasano H, Mouri T
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
Regul Pept. 1994 Mar 17;50(3):267-75. doi: 10.1016/0167-0115(94)90007-8.
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a novel hypothalamic peptide consisting of 38 amino acids (PACAP1-38) with a potent stimulatory action on adenylate-cyclase in rat pituitary. The presence of PACAP-like immunoreactivity in human brain was studied by radioimmunoassay. Co-localization of PACAP with arginine vasopressin and oxytocin was investigated by immunocytochemistry in the human hypothalamus. Immunoreactive PACAP was detected in all regions of human brain (cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, pons and hemisphere of cerebellum) with the highest levels found in the hypothalamus (8.5 +/- 1.9 pmol/g wet weight, n = 4, mean +/- S.E.M.). High performance liquid chromatography of the human hypothalamic extract showed that approximately 50% of the immunoreactive PACAP was eluted in the position of PACAP1-38. Immunocytochemical studies showed the presence of PACAP immunoreactive neurons in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of human hypothalamus. PACAP co-localized with arginine vasopressin in magnocellular cells of these nuclei. These findings suggest that PACAP1-38 plays important physiological roles in the human hypothalamus.
垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）是一种由38个氨基酸组成的新型下丘脑肽（PACAP1 - 38），对大鼠垂体中的腺苷酸环化酶具有强大的刺激作用。通过放射免疫分析法研究了人脑中PACAP样免疫反应性的存在情况。采用免疫细胞化学方法研究了PACAP与精氨酸加压素和催产素在人下丘脑的共定位。在人脑的所有区域（皮质、丘脑、下丘脑、脑桥和小脑半球）均检测到免疫反应性PACAP，其中下丘脑的含量最高（8.5±1.9 pmol/g湿重，n = 4，平均值±标准误）。对人下丘脑提取物进行高效液相色谱分析表明，约50%的免疫反应性PACAP在PACAP1 - 38的位置被洗脱。免疫细胞化学研究显示，人下丘脑室旁核和视上核存在PACAP免疫反应性神经元。PACAP与精氨酸加压素在这些核团的大细胞中共同定位。这些发现表明PACAP1 - 38在人下丘脑中发挥重要的生理作用。
