Miller R H
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, La.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1994 Oct;120(10):1057-61. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1994.01880340009003.
Based on the success rate of US otolaryngology graduates on the American Board of Otolaryngology Certification Examination, it would appear that otolaryngology training is quite good. However, it is not clear that all aspects of training are equal in quality, not only between programs but also within a single program. One indication that there may be areas of weakness is the fact that despite the perceived national shortages of primary care physicians in the United States and the overabundance of specialists, 25% of the approximately 260 graduating otolaryngology residents extend their training beyond specialty training to subspecialty levels (Manpower Committee of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, unpublished data obtained from chief resident questionnaires, 1990-1992). The most popular area of fellowship training is facial plastic surgery, followed by neurotology and head and neck oncology. Pediatric otolaryngology fellowships make up most of the balance. Most of the fellowships are well structured and are 1 year in duration. Others are more like apprenticeships and may be of shorter duration. A few are 2 years long and include a significant research commitment reserved for individuals entering academic practice.
根据美国耳鼻咽喉科毕业生在美国耳鼻咽喉科委员会认证考试中的成功率来看，耳鼻咽喉科培训似乎相当不错。然而，目前尚不清楚培训的各个方面在质量上是否相等，不仅不同项目之间存在差异，而且在单个项目内部也存在差异。有一个迹象表明可能存在薄弱环节，即尽管美国初级保健医生被认为全国性短缺而专科医生过剩，但在约260名即将毕业的耳鼻咽喉科住院医师中，有25%将其培训从专科培训扩展到了亚专科水平（美国耳鼻咽喉 - 头颈外科学会人力委员会，从住院总医师调查问卷中获得的未发表数据，1990 - 1992年）。最受欢迎的专科培训领域是面部整形手术，其次是耳神经学和头颈肿瘤学。小儿耳鼻咽喉科专科培训占其余大部分。大多数专科培训结构完善，为期1年。其他的更像是学徒制，可能持续时间较短。有一些为期2年，包括为进入学术实践的个人预留的大量研究任务。
