Ashton I, Clements K, Barrow S E, Secombes C J, Rowley A F
School of Biological Sciences, University College of Swansea, Singleton Park, UK.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Oct 6;1214(3):253-62. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(94)90071-x.
Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were maintained on isocalorific diets in which either sunflower, menhaden or Fosol oils were used as the dietary source of fatty acids. At intervals over a period of 6 months, head kidney leucocytes were isolated and used for the analysis of their fatty acid composition and eicosanoid-generating capacity. Major changes in fatty acid composition were apparent within 4 weeks on the diets, with fish fed sunflower oil diets showing a 2.1-fold increase in total n-6 fatty acids and a 2.3-fold decrease in n-3 fatty acids, compared with the original basal levels. By week 8 the fatty acid composition changes were greater in the sunflower-fed fish, but thereafter remained relatively stable to the end of the experiment at week 24. Leucocytes from the fish maintained for > 8 weeks on the sunflower oil containing diet produced significantly lower percentages of 5-series lipoxygenase products derived from eicosapentaenoic acid including 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid, leukotriene B5 and lipoxin A5 compared with those cells from fish fed either menhaden or Fosol based diets. Unlike the fatty acid composition, differences in lipoxygenase product profiles between the dietary groups increased throughout the experiment and by week 24 the arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid derived product ratios were approx. 14:1 in the sunflower oil-fed fish compared with approx. 1:1.5 in the menhaden oil-fed fish. A functional consequence of these differing ratios was seen in the ability of supernatants containing these products to cause the in vitro locomotion of trout neutrophils. Supernatants from sunflower oil-fed fish were less chemo-attractive than supernatants from menhaden or Fosol oil-fed fish.
虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）被饲养在等热量的日粮中，其中分别使用向日葵油、鲱鱼油或Fosol油作为脂肪酸的膳食来源。在6个月的时间里，每隔一段时间就分离出头部肾脏白细胞，并用于分析其脂肪酸组成和类花生酸生成能力。日粮喂养4周内，脂肪酸组成就出现了明显变化，与原始基础水平相比，喂食向日葵油日粮的鱼总n-6脂肪酸增加了2.1倍，n-3脂肪酸减少了2.3倍。到第8周时，喂食向日葵油的鱼的脂肪酸组成变化更大，但此后在实验第24周结束时保持相对稳定。与喂食鲱鱼油或Fosol油日粮的鱼的细胞相比，在含向日葵油的日粮中饲养超过8周的鱼的白细胞产生的源自二十碳五烯酸的5-系列脂氧合酶产物（包括12-羟基二十碳五烯酸、白三烯B5和脂oxin A5）的百分比显著降低。与脂肪酸组成不同，日粮组之间脂氧合酶产物谱的差异在整个实验过程中不断增加，到第24周时，源自花生四烯酸/二十碳五烯酸的产物比率在喂食向日葵油的鱼中约为14:1，而在喂食鲱鱼油的鱼中约为1:1.5。这些不同比率的一个功能后果体现在含有这些产物的上清液引起虹鳟中性粒细胞体外运动的能力上。喂食向日葵油的鱼的上清液的趋化性比喂食鲱鱼油或Fosol油的鱼的上清液弱。
