Mattsson S, Spångberg A
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
Neurourol Urodyn. 1994;13(3):281-96. doi: 10.1002/1520-6777(1994)13:3<281::aid-nau1930130310>3.0.co;2-9.
The urinary free flow in 180 healthy schoolchildren aged 7-16 years was examined with a new kind of uroflowmeter. The examinations were performed at ordinary school toilets and each child presented at least two registrations. Besides the shape of the flow curve, the urinary flow was evaluated by the parameters voided volume, maximum flow rate, average flow rate, flow at 1 second and at 0.5 seconds, time to maximum flow, and voiding time. All parameters were related to sex, age, and body parameters. Two recorded micturitions are considered a minimum to obtain a reliable assessment of the urinary flow curve of a child and the shape of the curve is the most important factor to analyse. The normal flow curve is "bell-shaped" regardless of sex, age, and voided volume, and the urine is emptied in one portion. At the first micturition, more curves are irregular and flow rates are significantly lower than at the second one. Voided volume, maximum flow rate, average flow rate, time to maximum flow, and voiding time increase weakly but significantly with age and body parameters. Maximum flow rate, average flow rate, and the flow at 1 second are significantly higher for girls and are correlated to each other. All examined flow parameters except the flow at 0.5 seconds are significantly correlated to voided volume. The results differ from previous studies of children by larger voided volumes, shorter voiding time and time to maximum flow and by higher values for maximum flow rate, average flow rate, and flow at 1 second.
采用一种新型尿流计对180名7至16岁健康学童的自由尿流进行了检测。检测在普通学校厕所进行，每个孩子至少有两次记录。除了尿流曲线的形状外，还通过排尿量、最大尿流率、平均尿流率、1秒和0.5秒时的尿流、达到最大尿流的时间以及排尿时间等参数对尿流进行评估。所有参数均与性别、年龄和身体参数相关。为了获得对儿童尿流曲线的可靠评估，至少需要记录两次排尿情况，而曲线的形状是分析的最重要因素。无论性别、年龄和排尿量如何，正常尿流曲线呈“钟形”，尿液一次性排空。第一次排尿时，更多曲线不规则，尿流率明显低于第二次。排尿量、最大尿流率、平均尿流率、达到最大尿流的时间和排尿时间随年龄和身体参数略有增加但显著增加。女孩的最大尿流率、平均尿流率和1秒时的尿流明显更高，且相互关联。除0.5秒时的尿流外，所有检测的尿流参数均与排尿量显著相关。本研究结果与以往关于儿童的研究不同，本研究的排尿量更大、排尿时间和达到最大尿流的时间更短，最大尿流率、平均尿流率和1秒时的尿流值更高。
