Cummings P, Theis M K, Mueller B A, Rivara F P
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994 Oct;148(10):1021-6. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1994.02170100019005.
To measure annual rates of infant injury death in Washington State and identify potential risk factors for infant injury death.
A population-based case-control study using a linked file of birth and death certificates for the years 1981 through 1990.
The leading causes of infant injury death, per 100,000 live births, were intentional injury (9.1); suffocation, choking, or hanging (6.9); motor vehicle crashes (4.4); and drowning (3.2). Unintentional injury death rates fell steeply during the 1970s but remained steady during the 1980s. Infanticide rates rose during the 1980s. Young maternal age (odds ratio, 9.0; 95% confidence interval, 4.5 to 17.9, for age < 20 years vs age > 30 years) and higher parity (odds ratio, 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 3.1 to 8.3, for parity of two or more vs parity of zero) were associated with infant injury death. There was a twofold increase in the risk of infant injury death if the mother smoked, was black, or lived in a rural area. Male sex of the infant, late prenatal care, and low income were associated only with intentional deaths, while higher parity was more strongly associated with unintentional injury deaths.
During 1981 through 1990, infant mortality caused by injuries increased in Washington State. Young maternal age and higher parity were strongly associated with infant injury death.
测算华盛顿州婴儿伤害死亡的年发生率，并确定婴儿伤害死亡的潜在风险因素。
一项基于人群的病例对照研究，使用了1981年至1990年的出生和死亡证明关联文件。
每10万例活产中，婴儿伤害死亡的主要原因是故意伤害（9.1）；窒息、噎塞或上吊（6.9）；机动车碰撞（4.4）；溺水（3.2）。非故意伤害死亡率在20世纪70年代急剧下降，但在20世纪80年代保持稳定。20世纪80年代杀婴率上升。母亲年龄小（年龄<20岁与年龄>30岁相比，比值比为9.0；95%置信区间为4.5至17.9）和多胎次（多胎次与零胎次相比，比值比为5.0；95%置信区间为3.1至8.3）与婴儿伤害死亡有关。如果母亲吸烟、是黑人或居住在农村地区，婴儿伤害死亡风险会增加两倍。婴儿为男性、产前检查晚和低收入仅与故意伤害死亡有关，而多胎次与非故意伤害死亡的关联更强。
在1981年至1990年期间，华盛顿州由伤害导致的婴儿死亡率有所上升。母亲年龄小和多胎次与婴儿伤害死亡密切相关。
