Garfinkel I, Melli M S, Robertson J G
School of Social Work, University of Columbia.
Future Child. 1994 Spring;4(1):84-100.
This article presents a brief historical account of child support reform in the United States during this century. Reform in this area primarily reflects a shift from judicial discretion to administrative regularity. The two predominant types of child support guidelines in use today, income shares and percentage of income, are described and compared. The authors then present information on some of the current issues with regard to child support guideline reform. Finally, a Child Support Assurance system, which would provide a publicly guaranteed minimum benefit award to custodial parents under special circumstances, is proposed. Further discussion of child support reform is presented in the Overview and Analysis section of this journal issue.
本文简要介绍了本世纪美国子女抚养改革的历史。这一领域的改革主要反映了从司法自由裁量权向行政规范性的转变。描述并比较了当今使用的两种主要的子女抚养指导方针类型，即收入份额法和收入百分比法。作者随后介绍了一些与子女抚养指导方针改革相关的当前问题。最后，提出了一种子女抚养保障制度，即在特殊情况下向监护父母提供公共保障的最低福利奖励。本刊本期的概述与分析部分对子女抚养改革进行了进一步讨论。
