Laszlo A, de Kantor I N
WHO Collaborating Center for Tuberculosis Bacteriological Research, Laboratory Center for Disease Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Bull World Health Organ. 1994;72(4):603-10.
A random sample survey of initial drug resistance among cases of tuberculosis in Latin America was carried out during the second half of the 1980s and the early 1990s. A total of 948 cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients presumed never before to have been treated for tuberculosis were collected from 30 randomly selected clusters in Latin America and tested for resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampicin, ethambutol, and thioacetazone. Initial drug resistance, although unevenly distributed, was detected in all the clusters tested and characterized one out of every six tuberculosis cases. Both single and multiple resistance to streptomycin and to isoniazid were the most prevalent forms throughout the region but were not sufficiently frequent to jeopardize significantly the outcome of short-course chemotherapy. However, localized pockets of high drug resistance occurred throughout the region and are cause for concern, especially in the case of rifampicin.
20世纪80年代后半期至90年代初，对拉丁美洲肺结核病例的初始耐药性进行了随机抽样调查。从拉丁美洲随机选取的30个群组中，收集了总共948份从未接受过结核病治疗的患者所分离出的结核分枝杆菌培养物，并对其进行异烟肼、链霉素、利福平、乙胺丁醇和硫代乙酰腙耐药性检测。初始耐药性虽分布不均，但在所有检测的群组中均有发现，每6例肺结核病例中就有1例具有初始耐药性。对链霉素和异烟肼的单耐药和多耐药是该地区最普遍的耐药形式，但发生频率不足以严重危及短程化疗的效果。然而，该地区各地都出现了局部高耐药性聚集区，令人担忧，尤其是对利福平耐药的情况。
