Kroegel C, Luttmann W, Zeck-Kapp G, Matthys H, Kapp A, Virchow J C
Abteilung Pneumologie, Universität Freiburg.
Immun Infekt. 1994 Jun;22(3):104-13.
In recent years, increasing evidence has accumulated to suggest that the eosinophil represents a potent cytotoxic effector cell which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases as well as other human disorders. Beside contributing to antiparasitic host defense, eosinophils can prove detrimental to a number of host organs and tissues via release of their preformed basic proteins as well as de novo generated lipid mediators or oxygen radicals. Eosinophil effector functions are stimulated by certain lipid mediators and cytokines released by other cells in the course of active disease. In addition to their effector functions, eosinophils may have other functions in immune responses. Synthesis and expression of class II proteins of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) may enable eosinophils to serve as antigen-presenting cells, i.e. to the antigens that appear at mucosal surfaces. In addition to collaborative interactions with lymphocytes, CD4-expressing eosinophils may elaborate cytokines that can effect cells within their tissue milieu. In conclusion, the evolving understanding of eosinophils indicates that eosinophils may not only serve as end-stage effector cells but also interact cooperatively with other cellular tissue elements in related diseases.
近年来，越来越多的证据表明，嗜酸性粒细胞是一种强大的细胞毒性效应细胞，在肺部疾病以及其他人类疾病的发病机制中起关键作用。除了有助于宿主抵抗寄生虫外，嗜酸性粒细胞还可通过释放其预先形成的碱性蛋白以及新生成的脂质介质或氧自由基，对许多宿主器官和组织造成损害。在活动性疾病过程中，嗜酸性粒细胞的效应功能受到其他细胞释放的某些脂质介质和细胞因子的刺激。除了其效应功能外，嗜酸性粒细胞在免疫反应中可能还有其他功能。主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）II类蛋白的合成和表达可能使嗜酸性粒细胞能够作为抗原呈递细胞，即针对出现在粘膜表面的抗原。除了与淋巴细胞的协同相互作用外，表达CD4的嗜酸性粒细胞可能会分泌可影响其组织环境内细胞的细胞因子。总之，对嗜酸性粒细胞不断深入的了解表明，嗜酸性粒细胞不仅可能作为终末效应细胞，而且在相关疾病中还可与其他细胞组织成分协同相互作用。
