Turro I, Dunnington E A, Nitsan Z, Picard M, Siegel P B
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Tours-Nouzilly, France.
Growth Dev Aging. 1994 Summer;58(2):105-12.
Influence of residual yolk on growth, feeding behavior, and development of certain internal organs during the first week after hatch were measured in lines of chickens that had undergone long-term selection for high (HW) or low (LW) 56-day body weight. At hatch chicks were assigned to one of the following treatments: removal of residual yolk (Y), sham operated (S), or no surgery (I). Body weight gains of HW chicks began on day 1 while LW chicks did not begin to gain weight until several days after hatch. Food intake increased linearly in both lines, but at a higher rate for HW than LW chicks. Seven days after hatch, relative to body weight, shanks were longer and pancreases and small intestines heavier for HW than LW chicks. Among treatments, body weight gains were greater for I and S than for Y chicks in the HW line, but not the LW line, demonstrating a differential response by fast and slow growing chicks to removal of the yolk sac. Feed intake differed on day 3, with Y chicks eating less than S chicks; I chicks were intermediate. Results indicate that presence of residual yolk sac during the first three days after hatch are critical to growth and development of chicks.
在经过长期选育以获得高（HW）或低（LW）56日龄体重的品系鸡中，测量了孵化后第一周残留卵黄对生长、采食行为和某些内脏器官发育的影响。在孵化时，雏鸡被分配到以下处理之一：去除残留卵黄（Y）、假手术（S）或不进行手术（I）。HW品系雏鸡在第1天开始体重增加，而LW品系雏鸡直到孵化后几天才开始增重。两个品系的采食量均呈线性增加，但HW品系雏鸡的采食速率高于LW品系雏鸡。孵化7天后，相对于体重，HW品系雏鸡的胫长更长，胰腺和小肠比LW品系雏鸡更重。在各处理中，HW品系中I组和S组雏鸡的体重增加大于Y组雏鸡，但LW品系中并非如此，这表明快速生长和慢速生长的雏鸡对卵黄囊去除的反应存在差异。第3天采食量有所不同，Y组雏鸡的采食量少于S组雏鸡；I组雏鸡的采食量介于两者之间。结果表明，孵化后前三天残留卵黄囊的存在对雏鸡的生长发育至关重要。
