Henderson M C, Albright J S, Kalichman S C, Dugoni B
Loyola University of Chicago.
J Pers Assess. 1994 Aug;63(1):117-34. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6301_10.
Our study sought to demonstrate the importance of attending to methodological issues in the study of personality characteristics of offspring of substance abusers (OSAs). A 4 x 2 factorial design, Parental Mental Health (no known psychological problems, substance abuse, other psychological problems, or dual diagnosis) x Exposure to Abuse/Neglect (present or absent), was used to examine depression proneness, neuroticism, alexithymia, self-esteem, self-concept, and locus of control in young adults. Results of this study demonstrated that in order to determine whether characteristics of OSAs are uniquely related to parental substance abuse, a psychiatric control group is needed. Also, the importance of separating the influences of other family environment variables (e.g., exposure to abuse/neglect) was demonstrated. None of the differences between groups in this study could be attributed to parental substance abuse per se; rather, the concomitants of substance abuse (i.e., exposure to abuse/neglect) were found to be more strongly related to poorer adjustment in OSAs. Finally, it was shown that the proportion of treatment-seeking subjects included in the sample affected the level of pathology observed. These results are discussed in relation to previous findings, and recommendations regarding methodology are made for future studies.
我们的研究旨在证明在药物滥用者后代（OSA）人格特征研究中关注方法学问题的重要性。采用4×2析因设计，即父母心理健康状况（无已知心理问题、药物滥用、其他心理问题或双重诊断）×是否遭受虐待/忽视（存在或不存在），来研究青年成人的抑郁倾向、神经质、述情障碍、自尊、自我概念和控制点。本研究结果表明，为了确定OSA的特征是否与父母药物滥用有独特关联，需要一个精神科对照组。此外，还证明了区分其他家庭环境变量（如遭受虐待/忽视）影响的重要性。本研究中各组之间的差异均不能归因于父母药物滥用本身；相反，发现药物滥用的伴随因素（即遭受虐待/忽视）与OSA较差的适应能力更密切相关。最后，研究表明样本中寻求治疗的受试者比例影响观察到的病理水平。结合先前的研究结果对这些结果进行了讨论，并为未来研究提出了方法学方面的建议。
