Burns C B, Powers J R, Currie B J
Menzies School of Health Research, Casuarina, Australia.
J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1994;32(5):527-39. doi: 10.3109/15563659409011057.
This study examined blood lead and creatine kinase levels in a group of 24 Australian Aboriginal males admitted to the hospital for treatment of severe petrol sniffing related illness after using only leaded petrol and 27 sniffers, 16 ex-sniffers and 13 non-sniffers from an isolated Aboriginal community using only unleaded petrol. Creatine kinase levels (which were nearly all creatine kinase-skeletal muscle isoenzyme indicating skeletal muscle damage) were correlated with blood lead levels and were elevated in active sniffers of leaded petrol on admission to hospital but were also increased in those sniffing unleaded petrol in the remote community. After fourteen days in hospital, median creatine kinase levels of leaded petrol sniffers dropped rapidly to levels similar to those of ex-sniffers and non-sniffers while median blood lead levels decreased but still remained higher than the other three groups. The data suggest that elevated creatine kinase associated with petrol sniffing may be due to compounds in petrol other than the lead additives, possibly volatile hydrocarbon components. Elevated creatine kinase may be useful in detecting current petrol sniffing activity, particularly in locations using unleaded petrol.
本研究检测了一组24名澳大利亚原住民男性的血铅和肌酸激酶水平。这些男性仅使用含铅汽油，因严重汽油嗅吸相关疾病入院治疗。研究还检测了来自一个仅使用无铅汽油的偏远原住民社区的27名嗅吸者、16名曾嗅吸者和13名非嗅吸者的血铅和肌酸激酶水平。肌酸激酶水平（几乎均为肌酸激酶-骨骼肌同工酶，表明骨骼肌损伤）与血铅水平相关，入院时，使用含铅汽油的现嗅吸者肌酸激酶水平升高，而在偏远社区使用无铅汽油的嗅吸者中该水平也有所升高。住院14天后，使用含铅汽油嗅吸者的肌酸激酶水平中位数迅速降至与曾嗅吸者和非嗅吸者相似的水平，而血铅水平中位数虽有所下降，但仍高于其他三组。数据表明，与汽油嗅吸相关的肌酸激酶升高可能是由于汽油中除铅添加剂之外的化合物所致，可能是挥发性碳氢化合物成分。肌酸激酶升高可能有助于检测当前的汽油嗅吸行为，尤其是在使用无铅汽油的地区。
