Holmes S B, Thompson D G, Wainio-Keizer K L, Capell S S, Staznik B
Forest Pest Management Institute, Department of Natural Resources Canada, Ontario.
J Wildl Dis. 1994 Jul;30(3):319-27. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-30.3.319.
Lethal and sublethal effects of dietary triclopyr butoxyethyl ester (TBEE) on zebra finches (Poephila guttata Gould) were determined in laboratory experiments conducted between 8 January and 1 May 1991. The 8-day median lethal dietary concentration, LC50 (95% confidence interval), of TBEE to zebra finches was 1,923 (1,627 to 2,277) mg/kg. In the sublethal effects experiment, when birds were exposed to 500 mg/kg TBEE in the diet for 29 days, food consumption and body weight were significantly depressed (P < 0.05). Similar prolonged exposures to 50 and 150 mg/kg TBEE in the diet had no significant effect on food consumption or body weight (P > 0.05). Perch-hopping activity was depressed relative to controls in the 500 mg/kg group, and elevated in the 150 mg/kg group, but neither of these differences was significantly (P > 0.05). Disappearance of TBEE residues from treated seeds over the 29 day experimental period followed an exponential decay model, with half-lives in the order of 15 to 18 days. On the basis of our observation that TBEE had no significant adverse effects at a concentration greater than the maximum expected environmental concentration, we propose that forestry applications of triclopyr at registered dosage rates pose little risk to wild songbirds.
1991年1月8日至5月1日期间进行的实验室实验测定了饮食中三氯吡氧乙酸丁氧基乙酯（TBEE）对斑胸草雀（Poephila guttata Gould）的致死和亚致死效应。TBEE对斑胸草雀的8天半数致死饮食浓度，LC50（95%置信区间）为1,923（1,627至2,277）mg/kg。在亚致死效应实验中，当鸟类在饮食中接触500 mg/kg TBEE持续29天时，食物消耗量和体重显著下降（P < 0.05）。在饮食中类似地长期接触50和150 mg/kg TBEE对食物消耗量或体重没有显著影响（P > 0.05）。相对于对照组，500 mg/kg组的栖木跳跃活动受到抑制，而150 mg/kg组的栖木跳跃活动增加，但这些差异均不显著（P > 0.05）。在29天的实验期内，处理过的种子中TBEE残留量的消失遵循指数衰减模型，半衰期约为15至18天。基于我们的观察，即TBEE在高于预期最大环境浓度的情况下没有显著的不利影响，我们认为按登记剂量率使用三氯吡氧乙酸进行林业应用对野生鸣禽几乎没有风险。
