Rheeder J P, Sydenham E W, Marasas W F, Thiel P G, Shephard G S, Schlechter M, Stockenström S, Cronje D E, Viljoen J H
Programme on Mycotoxins and Experimental Carcinogenesis, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Mycopathologia. 1994 Jul;127(1):35-41. doi: 10.1007/BF01104009.
A shipment of South African corn (1989) exported to Taiwan, was analyzed for various ear-rot fungi and Fusarium mycotoxins. Two sets of samples, one from the points of origin in South Africa prior to shipment, and the other from the end-point distributors in Taiwan, were studied. Surface-sterilized kernels were plated onto two different agar media and the fungal colonies identified. High Performance Liquid Chromatography was used to analyze mycotoxin levels. The predominant ear-rot fungi, in decreasing order of isolation frequency, were Fusarium subglutinans, F. moniliforme, Diploidia maydis and F. graminearum. Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus were not isolated from samples prior to export, but a small number of A. flavus isolates were found after shipment. The predominant mycotoxins were fumonisins B1 (0-865 ng/g) and B2 (0-250 ng/g). Low levels of moniliformin (< or = 390 ng/g) were detected in some samples before shipment. Zearalenone (25 ng/g), and nivalenol (120 ng/g) were detected in two out of 32 samples taken in Taiwan. The samples contained no detectable levels of either aflatoxins (> 0.5 ng/g) or deoxynivalenol (> 100 ng/g) before or after shipment.
对一批出口到台湾的南非玉米（1989年）进行了各种穗腐真菌和镰刀菌霉菌毒素分析。研究了两组样本，一组来自南非装运前的原产地，另一组来自台湾的终端经销商。将表面消毒的玉米粒接种到两种不同的琼脂培养基上，并鉴定真菌菌落。使用高效液相色谱法分析霉菌毒素水平。按分离频率从高到低排列，主要的穗腐真菌为亚粘团镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌、玉蜀黍赤霉和禾谷镰刀菌。黄曲霉和寄生曲霉在出口前的样本中未分离到，但装运后发现了少量黄曲霉菌株。主要的霉菌毒素为伏马毒素B1（0 - 865纳克/克）和B2（0 - 250纳克/克）。在装运前的一些样本中检测到低水平的串珠镰刀菌素（≤390纳克/克）。在台湾采集的32个样本中有两个检测到玉米赤霉烯酮（25纳克/克）和雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（120纳克/克）。装运前后的样本中均未检测到可检测水平的黄曲霉毒素（> 0.5纳克/克）或脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（> 100纳克/克）。
