Lopategui Corsino E, Soler López R, Rivera Pérez M A
Departamento de Educación Fisica, Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico.
P R Health Sci J. 1994 Jun;13(2):133-41.
This review of literature identifies different ergometers used for the assessment of the physiological and metabolic responses observed during exercise in air (treadmill, cycle ergometer, arm ergometer, bench step, swim bench, and simulated swimming) and water (tethered or stationary swimming, swimming flume, and free swimming) environments. In addition, this review describes the maximal oxygen uptake, respiratory exchange ratio, percent of oxygen extraction, oxygen arterio-venous difference, pulmonary ventilation, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, levels of lactic acid, thermoregulatory responses, and sweating secretion of the competitive swimmer during exercise in air and water environments. Also, comparisons between competitive swimmers, recreational swimmers and runners in the above mentioned variables are discussed.
这篇文献综述确定了用于评估在空气环境（跑步机、自行车测力计、手臂测力计、台阶试验、游泳凳及模拟游泳）和水环境（系绳或固定游泳、游泳水槽及自由泳）中运动时所观察到的生理和代谢反应的不同测力计。此外，本综述描述了竞技游泳运动员在空气和水环境中运动时的最大摄氧量、呼吸交换率、氧摄取百分比、动静脉氧差、肺通气、心率、每搏输出量、心输出量、乳酸水平、体温调节反应及汗液分泌。同时，还讨论了竞技游泳运动员、休闲游泳者和跑步者在上述变量方面的比较。
