Njokanma F, Fagbule D
Department of Paediatric, Ogun State University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria.
Trop Geogr Med. 1994;46(3):172-4.
The pattern of morbidity and mortality of 103 neonates weighing less than 2500 g referred to a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital over a period of 30 months (March 1989-August 1991) was studied. Fifty seven (55.3%) weighted less than 1500 g, 80 (77.7%) were preterm while 23 (22.3%) were term, small for gestation. Sepsis, hypothermia, respiratory distress syndrome and birth asphyxia were the commonest problems encountered. These were also the predominant associated causes of death. The corrected mortality rate was 65.3%, the rate being higher for babies weighing less than 1500 g (chi 2 = 4.02, p < 0.05) and for small for gestational age babies (chi 2 = 5.17, p < 0.025). The early neonatal problems stemmed from suboptimal conditions of perinatal resuscitation, thermoregulation and transfer. High mortality was also caused by poor state of facilities at the referral centre. Early materno-foetal transfer during preterm labour to hospitals with facilities for optimal perinatal care would reduce morbidity and mortality.
对1989年3月至1991年8月这30个月期间转诊至尼日利亚一所大学教学医院的103名体重不足2500克的新生儿的发病和死亡模式进行了研究。其中57名（55.3%）体重不足1500克，80名（77.7%）为早产儿，23名（22.3%）为足月儿但小于胎龄儿。败血症、体温过低、呼吸窘迫综合征和出生窒息是最常见的问题。这些也是主要的相关死亡原因。校正死亡率为65.3%，体重不足1500克的婴儿（χ² = 4.02，p < 0.05）以及小于胎龄儿（χ² = 5.17，p < 0.025）的死亡率更高。早期新生儿问题源于围产期复苏、体温调节和转运的条件欠佳。转诊中心设施状况不佳也导致了高死亡率。早产时早期母婴转运至具备最佳围产期护理设施的医院将降低发病率和死亡率。
