Boutouyrie P, Lacolley P, Girerd X, Beck L, Safar M, Laurent S
Department of Internal Medicine, Broussais Hospital, Paris, France.
Am J Physiol. 1994 Oct;267(4 Pt 2):H1368-76. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.4.H1368.
This study used a precise noninvasive method in normotensive humans to determine the effects of sympathetic activation on arterial compliance. A recently developed, high-resolution echo-tracking system capable of measuring systolic/diastolic variations of arterial diameter was coupled to a Finapres system and used to calculate instantaneous systolic/diastolic pressure-diameter and compliance-pressure curves for a muscular medium-sized artery, the radial artery. Two standardized tests of sympathetic system activation, a cold pressor test (2 min) and a mental stress test (2 min of mental arithmetic), were performed at an interval of 8 days in random order in nine healthy volunteers [30 +/- 9 (SD) yr]. Radial arterial parameters were recorded every 30 s for 9 min, which included 2 min of cold pressor test or mental stress test. During both tests, radial arterial mean diameter did not change despite t he increase in mean arterial pressure (P < 0.001); stroke change in diameter decreased (P < 0.01), whereas pulse pressure increased (P < 0.01). Arterial compliance, calculated for the instantaneous level of mean arterial pressure, decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Compliance (C) calculated at 100 mmHg (C100) was arbitrarily chosen as a reference point for comparing compliance among the different periods of the test. C100 decreased significant (P < 0.05) during both tests (from 2.93 +/- 1.27 to 2.04 +/- 0.94 and from 3.29 +/- 1.73 to 2.63 +/- 1.55 mm2.mmHg-1.10(-3) during mental stress and the cold pressor test, respectively). These results indicate that sympathetic activation is able to decrease radial arterial compliance in healthy subjects. The reduction in arterial compliance probably resulted from complex interactions between changes in distending blood pressure and changes in radial arterial smooth muscle tone.
本研究采用一种精确的非侵入性方法，对血压正常的人群进行研究，以确定交感神经激活对动脉顺应性的影响。将一种最近开发的、能够测量动脉直径收缩期/舒张期变化的高分辨率回声跟踪系统与Finapres系统相结合，用于计算肌肉型中动脉（桡动脉）的瞬时收缩期/舒张期压力-直径曲线和顺应性-压力曲线。对9名健康志愿者[30±9（标准差）岁]进行了两项交感神经系统激活的标准化测试，即冷加压试验（2分钟）和精神应激试验（2分钟心算），两项测试间隔8天，随机顺序进行。在9分钟内每隔30秒记录一次桡动脉参数，其中包括2分钟的冷加压试验或精神应激试验。在两项试验中，尽管平均动脉压升高（P<0.001），但桡动脉平均直径未发生变化；直径的搏动变化减小（P<0.01），而脉压增加（P<0.01）。根据平均动脉压的瞬时水平计算得出的动脉顺应性显著降低（P<0.01）。将在100 mmHg时计算得出 的顺应性（C）（C100）任意选定为比较测试不同阶段顺应性的参考点。在两项试验期间，C100均显著降低（P<0.05）（精神应激试验和冷加压试验期间，分别从2.93±1.27降至2.04±0.94以及从3.29±1.73降至2.63±1.55 mm2·mmHg-1·10-3）。这些结果表明，交感神经激活能够降低健康受试者的桡动脉顺应性。动脉顺应性的降低可能是由于扩张血压变化与桡动脉平滑肌张力变化之间的复杂相互作用所致。
