Ackerman M H, Evans N J, Ecklund M M
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1994 Jun;6(2):321-40.
This article reviews the metabolic alterations that occur in SIRS and sepsis and the management of these patients nutritionally. Practical clinical assessment parameters that can be used by the critical care nurse to determine the nutritional and metabolic needs of the patient are presented. Issues related to enteral and parenteral routes of delivery are presented, and a discussion of disease-specific nutritional formulas is included. An understanding of the determination of metabolic and nutrition needs and the provision of adequate support to meet those needs are vital to the care of the hypermetabolic septic patient.
本文回顾了全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS）和脓毒症中发生的代谢改变以及这些患者的营养管理。介绍了重症护理护士可用于确定患者营养和代谢需求的实用临床评估参数。阐述了与肠内和肠外给药途径相关的问题，并讨论了针对特定疾病的营养配方。了解代谢和营养需求的确定以及提供足够的支持以满足这些需求对于高代谢脓毒症患者的护理至关重要。
